Thoracic Outlet Syndrome: What is It? Can Chiropractic Care Help?
The human body is incredibly complex, with nerves, blood vessels, and muscles all working in harmony to keep us functioning properly. When these structures become compressed, it can lead to painful and sometimes debilitating conditions, like TOS.
Thoracic outlet syndrome (TOS) is a condition that affects the space between your collarbone and first rib, known as the thoracic outlet. This narrow passageway houses important nerves and blood vessels that can become compressed, leading to various uncomfortable symptoms. In this article, we take a closer look at what this all means and how chiropractic care can be an invaluable approach to feeling better.
What Is Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
Thoracic outlet syndrome refers to a group of disorders that occur when the blood vessels or nerves in the thoracic outlet become compressed. This compression can happen between the collarbone and first rib, or between the muscles of the neck and shoulder. The thoracic outlet is a narrow space, and any reduction in this already limited area can put pressure on the vital structures passing through it.
Causes of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
Several factors can contribute to the development of thoracic outlet syndrome. Some people are born with an extra rib (cervical rib) or an abnormally tight fibrous band connecting the spine to the rib, which can compress the thoracic outlet. Poor posture, especially slouching or dropping your shoulders forward, can decrease the space in the thoracic outlet, putting pressure on nerves and blood vessels.
Injuries from car accidents, especially those involving whiplash, can damage the thoracic outlet area. Jobs or hobbies that involve repeatedly extending arms above the shoulder or carrying heavy loads can strain the thoracic outlet. Additional weight in the upper body and changes in posture during pregnancy can sometimes contribute to TOS as well.
Symptoms of Thoracic Outlet Syndrome
The symptoms of thoracic outlet syndrome vary depending on which structures are compressed. There are three main types of TOS, each with its own set of symptoms:
Neurogenic TOS (Nerve Compression)
This is the most common form, accounting for about 95% of all cases. Symptoms include numbness or tingling in the arm, hand, or fingers; pain in the neck, shoulder, or hand; weakness in the hand; difficulty with fine motor tasks; and a feeling of coldness in the affected limb.
Vascular TOS (Blood Vessel Compression)
This type affects the blood vessels and may cause discoloration of the hand (bluish color), swelling of the arm, cold sensitivity in the hands and fingers, weakness or fatigue in the arm, and a throbbing lump near the collarbone.
Arterial TOS
This is the rarest but most serious form, involving compression of the subclavian artery. Symptoms include:
- Pale, cold hands or fingers
- Pain and weakness in the arm
- Lack of pulse in the affected arm
- Blood clots in the arteries
- Tiny black spots on the fingers due to embolism
Can a Chiropractor Treat Thoracic Outlet Syndrome?
In short, yes, chiropractors can play a valuable role in treating thoracic outlet syndrome. A qualified chiropractor will begin with a thorough evaluation to determine if TOS is indeed the cause of your symptoms. This assessment typically includes a detailed health history, physical examination, orthopedic tests specifically designed to evaluate TOS, postural analysis, range of motion assessment, and neurological evaluation.
Chiropractors may also use provocative maneuvers—special positioning tests that can reproduce symptoms—to help confirm the diagnosis. Based on these findings, we can develop a targeted treatment plan.
Chiropractic Treatment Approaches
Chiropractic care for thoracic outlet syndrome focuses on several key areas:
Spinal and Rib Adjustments
Misalignments in the cervical spine (neck) or first rib can contribute to TOS. Chiropractors use gentle, specific adjustments to restore proper alignment and movement to these areas. Addressing these misalignments can help reduce pressure on the nerves and blood vessels passing through the thoracic outlet.
Postural Correction
Poor posture is a common contributor to TOS. Chiropractors can assess your current posture, identify problematic patterns, provide guidance on proper posture for various activities, and recommend modifications to your home or work environment. Improving posture can significantly reduce the strain on the thoracic outlet and prevent symptom recurrence.
Benefits of Chiropractic Treatment for TOS
Chiropractic care offers several advantages for those suffering from thoracic outlet syndrome: The non-invasive approach avoids surgery and medications while targeting the underlying causes rather than just managing symptoms. It empowers patients with self-management strategies and focuses on long-term resolution rather than temporary relief. Additionally, chiropractic care provides individualized treatment plans that address your specific needs.
Many patients with TOS find that chiropractic care helps reduce their symptoms and improves their quality of life. While severe cases may still require medical intervention, chiropractic treatment can be beneficial for many individuals with mild to moderate TOS.
Living with thoracic outlet syndrome can be challenging, but proper treatment can make a significant difference in your symptoms and overall function. If you’re experiencing symptoms that suggest TOS, don’t hesitate to reach out for professional care. Your Noblesville chiropractor is ready to help. At Anchor Health Chiropractic, our caring team can help guide you toward better health. Book your appointment with us today!
